St. John’s Church in the Wilderness

— by Donna Altieri

Driving up 14th Avenue, you pass St. John’s Cathedral. You might have noticed it on your way to the Botanic Gardens, or seen its towers while waiting in line at the Fillmore. Maybe you are one of the lucky ones to have walked around this magnificent church or attended a service inside. St. John’s reflects the history of Denver, the nature of Colorado, the story of the Episcopal Church, and the architectural styles of multiple decades. The highlights of the Bible are carved in wood, blown in glass, and etched in stone. St. John’s has been an integral part of Denver’s history for the last 150 years.

Like some other institutions in Denver, St. John’s Church in the Wilderness, as it was first called, started off holding services in a tavern on Larimer Street between 14th and 15th street. While drinking and shopping in Larimer Square, close your eyes and conjure a service from 1861. The first cathedral church (at 20th and Welton) burned down in 1903; the cornerstone for the present Gothic masterpiece was planted in 1909, and so began dozens of great adventures for St. John’s.

Enter through the front doors and see a real Tiffany Window saved from the 1903 fire, stained glass dedicated to a child who had died. While in the narthex, you can examine a stone from Canterbury Cathedral; I like to pretend I’m on a mini trip into the world of Chaucer. Enter from the east doors and view a stained glass window hanging by chains, three angels playing musical instruments; it’s dark and gloomy color reveals smoke damage from the Welton Street church fire.

The stained glass windows of St. John’s rival the glass of European churches. Take a good look at the first window of the west aisle, “The Entrance of Sin,” a portrait of Eve in the Garden of Eden ready to make her fatal mistake while a “very English” lion stares at her. She started out as a naked blonde beauty, a clone of the Dean’s wife. Unfortunately, the prudish Edwardian congregation soon installed long golden locks and a rose bush obscuring her “loveliness.”

If you ever get to climb the spiral stairs to the choir loft you’ll see a window that World War I brought to Denver. It was finished in London in 1914, moved by boat, train and oxcart up to this north portal. In one corner, a miniature St. John’s in glass is a dollhouse dream, and the inscription “This great window finished and fixed in the year of the great Armageddon of the Apocalypse” – the first year of the Great War – sums up this glass “Last Judgement.”

Here are just a couple more treats from St. John’s: the carvings on the altar choir pews, a real walk in Colorado’s woods, from squirrels to deer to bears, and in St. Martin’s Chapel, often used for Sudanese and Somalian services, there’s an Art Deco altar that showers the church with eclecticism.

Next time those massive front doors are open, and the flags are blowing, treat yourself to a spiritual, beautiful experience.

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B50 Note: Contemporary images are courtesy of the author, historical images are courtesy of the Western History Department of the Denver Public Library. The author wishes to thank David Rote for his enlightening tour and to “Saint John’s Church in the Wilderness” by Robert Irving Woodward for it’s bounty of information. St. John’s Cathedral is currently raising funds to the restoration of the 1938 Kimball organ that has given the Denver community so many great concerts.

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Denver’s Great Telescopes (19th and 21st Century)

— by Robert Stencel

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Small telescopes have been part of Denver history since our origins. Witness the fine brass refractor on display in the parlor of the Byers-Evans house downtown. With the rejuvenation of the University of Denver in 1880, a smart young professor arrived in town that same year, beginning a sequence of events that would lead to a classic telescope in Observatory Park, and a futuristic one high atop Mount Evans – both associated with astronomy at the University of Denver.

In Observatory Park, at the heart of the University of Denver’s historic Chamberlin Observatory lies the telescope, a 20-inch aperture Clark-Saegmuller refractor. The telescope first saw light in July of 1894, and is still used by scientists, students and visitors today. It is the fifth largest of its kind in the United States. The observatory is named after its patron, Humphrey B. Chamberlin, who pledged $50,000 in 1888 to see it built and equipped. Professor Herbert A. Howe, the astronomer at the University of Denver since 1880, was responsible for overall design and instrument specification. Alvan Clark and Sons of Cambridge, Mass., the foremost opticians of the day, crafted the lenses for the telescope. When it was made, the primary lens was priced at $11,000. Today, it is considered priceless. The mechanical mounting for the telescope was built by George N. Saegmuller, who owned and operated Fauth and Company in Washington DC.

Humphrey Chamberlin was active in the Denver real estate business at the time, so Saegmuller and Clark both accepted land holdings as part of their payment. However, when the great Silver Panic of 1893 caused the bottom to drop out of the landowning business, Mr. Chamberlin went bankrupt and the properties offered to Saegmuller and Clark rapidly declined in value. Professor Howe paid Clark with his own cash and compensated Saegmuller by delaying delivery of his finished telescope for a time, personally assisting with its display at the Chicago Columbian Exposition of 1893. The telescope components and lenses were finally shipped to Denver by June 1894. Howe was concerned for the safety of the 150-pound lenses, so he personally transported it from Chicago to Denver in a private train car.

Howe performed final assembly of the telescope at Chamberlin Observatory, in addition to his duties as Dean and professor at DU. The University assisted as much as it could in paying Clark and Saegmuller, but Howe had to pay some of the fees out of his own pocket. Trial observations began in July of 1894, with “first light” on the 14th. This initial use of the telescope by Howe included observations of stars in the famed cluster M13 in Hercules and Earth’s moon. The first public use of the telescope occurred on August 1st of the same year, when Howe entertained the Swedish Methodist Christian Endeavor Society with a look at Saturn. The telescope began its professional use in late fall. Observations of Mercury’s passage across the face of the Sun (called a transit) were recorded on November 10th and 11th. These observations were the first published results from the Chamberlin Observatory, printed in the Astronomical Journal in the spring of 1895.

B50 Note: Dr. Robert Stencel is Professor of Astronomy at the University of Denver, where he splits his time between the Chamberlin Observatory in Denver and the Meyer-Womble Observatory, located atop 14,268 ft Mt. Evans. The university still offers astronomy classes and frequent public access. For information call the hotline at 303-871-5172 or visit Professor Stencel’s website. All photos are courtesy of the University of Denver Archives.

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Three Short Stories about my Irish Family

— by Dennis Gallagher

Story One: William J. Gallagher, Sr.

My grandfather, William J. Gallagher, Sr., in the cab of the old 303 engine on the Rio Grande Railroad (circa 1950).

My grandfather, William J. Gallagher, Sr., in the cab of the old 303 engine on the Rio Grande Railroad (circa 1950).

My Grandfather, William Gallagher, came to America from his native Ireland in the early 1900’s. He was born in William Butler Yeats’s country, County Sligo. When he arrived on the eastcoast, he saw a lot of signs up at work places, “No Irish Need Apply.”

But he heard a rumor that in Colorado, Railroads would hire even Irish lads willing to work.

So he came here to Colorado, got to Denver and took the test for the Moffat Railroad, the old Denver and Salt Lake, later bought by the Rio Grande line which still goes through the tunnel to Winer Park. He got a 100% on the exam for engineer. Those hiring at the railroad said, “That Irishman must have cheated. He’ll have to take the test again. And this time we’ll watch him.”

So my grandfather took the test again, and they watched him, and Gallagher got 100% again. This time they said, “well maybe we need this guy afterall.”

Now because of this experience, my grandfather always lectured me: “Dennis, you have to be twice as good as the Anglo-Saxons. You have to work twice as hard as the Anglo Saxons. They will never accept you, and you have to fight for every chance offered you by this great country.” His story , his experience, his initial workplace slight, made us sensitive to the needs of others in our society who were different and not accepted by those in power.

He worked for quite a few years for the Moffat and then many years for the Rio Grande. And I thank him for this important life’s lesson. I think of him when I pass the old Moffat Station, abandoned, but still there, north on 15th Street just west of the rail tressle as you head toward My Brother’s Bar, I say an ‘Ave” for him.

Story Two: William J. Gallagher, Jr.

My father, William J Gallagher, Jr., and I in front of old Engine Company #7 at West 36th and Tejon St (circa 1975)

My father, William J Gallagher, Jr., and I in front of old Engine Company #7 at West 36th and Tejon St (circa 1975)

My father, William Gallagher, Jr., was the fourth firefighter hired in the late 30’s in a year when Denver only hired four firefighters. He was assigned to the old Barnum Neighborhood station. It was located about 7th and Knox Court. The officer in charge showed him his bed and his locker. After lunch another firefighter came up to him and told him, “Gallagher, you Irish Catholics on that side of the fire truck and we Kluxers on this side of the fire truck. Don’t come over to this side.”

During the mid-20’s Denver city government and agencies were ruled by the KKK. My dad could not believe it, that there were still Kluxers on the fire department….with enough anti-Irish Catholic residuality to be dumb enough to talk about it with folks.

After work my father met the Klansman on the way to his car in the parking lot. He engaged the Kluxer in a mopping up action for which he would most likely have been fired for today. But he told me that that guy never mentioned religion or the Klan again. A civil detente reigned after that in the Barnum firehouse.

Story Three: Nellie Flaherty

My beautiful mother, Nellie Flaherty, and I (in elephant pants) on the porch of 2825 Hooker in North Denver (circa 1944).

My beautiful mother, Nellie Flaherty, and I (in elephant pants) on porch of 2825 Hooker in North Denver (circa 1944).

My mother, Nellie Flaherty, loved music and the theatre. She had a friend who worked as the hat checker at the old Denver Auditorium Theatre, now the Ellie Caulkins. During the mid-20’s when our city was ruled by the Ku Klux Klan, she often helped her friend, Patricia Delaney, and checked coats and hats at the city auditorium. At that time John Galen Locke, Grand Dragon of the KKK, came to the auditorium, the crowd would all rise and sing “God Bless America,” as he took his seat in the Mayor’s Box.

My mom told me that Pat Delaney would laugh heartily and then say : “Nellie Flaherty, you hide here among these fur coats. We don’t want those Kluxers to see a fine Irish Catholic girl here in the check room.” The girls showed lots of chutzpah by laughing behind the backs of the Kluxers.

B50 Note: Dennis Gallagher is currently the Denver City Auditor, and is a former City Councilperson, State Senator, and State Representative. He is also Professor Emeritus from Regis University and well-known in the local community as a historian, storyteller, and man about town.

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Mamie Doud Eisenhower: The First Lady’s Denver Years

— By Linda Wommack

mamie eisenhower in 1913

mamie eisenhower in 1913

Denver’s own Mamie Doud Eisenhower was the First Lady of the Untied States and held the position with style and grace for both of her husband’s terms, from 1953 to 1961. One biographer said “…the world never really knew Mamie Eisenhower…as she was perceived as quiet and reluctant to serve the media.” Yet Denver knew her and loved her; she was one of our own.

Mamie Geneva Doud was born in Boone, Iowa, on November 14, 1896, the daughter of John Sheldon and Elvira Matilda Carlson Doud. The family moved to Cedar Rapids, Iowa the following year, where Mamie’s father started his own meat-packing business. Very successful, the Doud family moved to Colorado for opportunity and to ease a medical condition effecting Eleanor, one of Mamie’s three sisters. The family lived for a brief time in Pueblo and Colorado Springs, before moving to Denver in 1905, where the Doud family lived for the rest of their lives.

With his successful business and investment holdings, John Doud was able to pay a little over seven thousand dollars in cash for his home at 750 Lafayette Street, in Denver. This is the home Mamie would grow up in, the only family home she would know and recall with great fondness, the home she would later be married in. This home, so rich in family lore and history, would remain in the family until the death of Mamie’s mother, in 1960.

The Doud family were well known in the community as being fun-loving, involved with their neighbors, a caring, loving family, with deep religious commitments. They attended church in the community, where they often helped the needy. Mrs. Doud was the cornerstone of the neighborhood “women’s social tea.” This amazing woman organized regular social events in the neighborhood, usually hosted in her home. Among the neighborhood housewives included in Mrs. Doud’s teas, was my great grandmother, Olga Berglund. She often spoke of the kindness, generosity, and more importantly of the ordinary manner the Doud family preferred.

Just a short seven years after arriving in Denver for a better climate, Mamie’s sister, Eleanor Carlson Doud, died on January 8, 1912. Sadly, Mamie’s younger sister, Eda Mae Doud, died on November 9, 1918. Both were buried in the family cemetery plot in Denver.

In keeping with the community lifestyle, young Mamie attended Denver’s public schools, Corona Elementary (later named Dora Moore Elementary), and then went on to graduate from East Denver High School. At her parent’s insistence, she completed her education at Miss Wolcott’s, a prestigious, private finish school for the daughters of prominent Denver families. During all of her schooling years, Mamie attended dances classes and piano lessons. As a young teenager, Mamie and her friends often took the trolley to Colfax Avenue or Curtis Street, popular teenage hangouts. They would shop, attend various shows or movies, snack on sodas and ice cream at Baur’s shop.

The Doud House

The Doud House

Despite the ordinary lifestyle the Doud family tried to maintain, photographs of the popular “Miss Doud” appeared frequently in the Denver Post’s society pages. After all, the Doud family was a prominent family in Denver, and at times as these things often happen, the Doud family actually brought the attention. For instance, when John Doud bought a brand new car in 1914 (at a cost of four thousand dollars), it was the talk of Lafayette Street. I remember my great grandmother talking about it some sixty years later, it really was a major event. Mamie was seen and photographed driving the black vehicle with plum interior around town to Cheeseman Park, Washington Park, Elitch Gardens and occasionally to the Wolcott school. Mr. Doud kept that car all his life and today it is on exhibit at the Eisenhower Museum in Abilene, Kansas.

For the last four years of Mamie’s teenage years, the Doud family spent a portion of the winter months in the warmer climate of San Antonio, Texas, where the family had a home. Mamie disliked the trips, as it took her away from her friends in Denver. However, that thinking soon changed when she met a young West Point graduate.

It was at nearby Fort Sam Houston in October 1915, that Mamie was introduced by mutual friends to the striking Second Lieutenant, Dwight D. Eisenhower. Both say there was an instant attraction to the other. Of that first meeting, Ike would later say, “…a vivacious and attractive girl, saucy in the look about her face and in her whole attitude.” And of Ike, Mamie would say, “…he was different…I think his vitality appealed to me.” The young officer, just out of West Point, courted young Mamie with patience and steadiness of character, and in the end the Denver socialite was won over. He got on well with the Doud family, frequently visiting their Denver home.

When the couple announced their engagement on Valentine’s Day 1916, the occasion was bittersweet. Ike marked the ceremony by placing a miniature copy of his West Point ring, an amethyst set in gold, on Mamie’s finger. However, the news astonished Mamie’s Denver friends. It was their opinion that Mamie was marrying beneath her class. West Point graduate aside he was still just a soldier, they said. And, while the Doud family had a fondness for Ike, John Doud had a stern fatherly talk with his nineteen year-old daughter about life as an Army wife. In the end, Mamie’s strong will and good sense won out, as she later said, “…I was willing to accept whatever would come.”

The Doud home, on Lafayette Street in Denver was the scene of the wedding, at noon on July 1, 1916. The wedding was a grand event, yet held to the Doud family values of respectful modesty. Only family and close friends were in attendance. Even so, my great grandmother later recalled, the narrow street scene on Lafayette was crowded and impassable due to all the vehicles.

The wedding ceremony was simple in style, yet strong on family and religious values, when Ike pledged his vows and took Mamie as his bride. Mamie was radiant in an ivory laced gown, escorted down the family staircase by her father. Ike was equally splendid in his dress white military uniform, completed with sword and stars and bars of rank. Following the ceremony, the new couple enjoyed a ten day honeymoon, spending the first days in Colorado. Then, the newlyweds left by train to Abilene, Kansas for a brief visit with the Ike’s parents.

Looking back in history, this was perhaps Denver’s finest hour in the first decade of the 20th Century, yet no one in Denver or the nation knew at the time how important this union was, or how fortuitous it would become in later years.

Dwight and Mamie Eisenhower

Dwight and Mamie Eisenhower

B50 note: Linda Wommack is a denver-based writer and historian. She is the author of From the Grave: A Roadside Guide to Colorado’s Pioneer Cemeteries among other books, and is a frequent contributor to True West Magazine.

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Dogs who happen to live in Denver, part 1

— by Hadley Hooper, hadleyhooper.com

Petunia
Southwest Denver

Petunia, also know as Tootie, Tutu, Scooter. Mutt of a vaguely schnauzerish persuasion. Has no outfits. Can shake and sit but that’s about it. Once she ate a tube of blue glitter, which resulted in what was referred to thereafter as “The Disco Poop.”

Silo
River North

Silo is 95 lbs and has his own chaise lounge, a couch and two dedicated dog beds. He has 38 toys, all have been stolen and disposed of by his small Yorkie friend Moose. He is a mix of Bloodhound & Coonhound and can sit, stay and shake. He likes chasing raccoons and eating cucumbers whole from the garden. He was named Silo because his person likes barns.

Brodie
Highland

Brodie is a Great Pyrenees and Golden Retriever mutt. His favorite toy is a big red ball that he puts his front paws on so he can roll it around like a circus elephant. Once, on a backpacking trip, a friend of a friend asked what Brodie’s person was planning to do with his head when he died. The man then explained he did taxidermy and thought Brodie had the most beautifully shaped skull he’d seen on a dog. Brodie slept very close to his person that trip. They never saw that guy again.

B-50 note: these spots were created for buckfifty.org; send us a note if you’d like your pup featured and we’ll send back our dog quiz and specs. More coming soon!

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